Is there any merit to the studies that show that historical CO2 levels lag behind temperature, and not lead them?
Yes,

Is there any merit to the studies that show that historical CO2 levels lag behind temperature, and not lead them?
Yes, there's merit to those studies, says Peter Hildebrand, Director of the Earth Science Division at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, responding to a question from Twitter (https://twitter.com/Seth_b_clark/stat...).

In the pre-industrial age, the CO2 response to temperature was that the temperature would go up and CO2 would go up. Or if the temperature went down, CO2 would go down. Because when the temperature rose, the whole biosphere revved up and emitted CO2. So we understand that process.

In the post-industrial age, the opposite is true. Increasing CO2 in the atmosphere is leading to increased temperature. So two different things happened, one pre-industrial, where temperature was driving the CO2, and post-industrial, where CO2 was driving temperature. Which means a completely different physical-biological process is going on.Published on Sep 24, 2013

For more about Ask A Climate Scientist, go here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=49Lu1d...

In 2024, the removal of four dams on the Klamath River marked a historic victory for an Indigenous-led movement, achieving the largest river restoration project in history. A revolutionary

In 2024, the removal of four dams on the Klamath River marked a historic victory for an Indigenous-led movement, achieving the largest river restoration project in history. A revolutionary approach is underway, blending Indigenous knowledge, modern science, and sustainable practices, and the early results are remarkable—salmon are returning in unexpected abundance to spawning grounds that have been inaccessible for 100 years.

Amy Bowers Cordalis, mother, fisherwoman, Executive Director, Ridges to Riffles Indigenous Conservation Group and former general counsel of the Yurok Tribe who has played a major role in this struggle, highlights the Indigenous values and lessons from the Klamath, showcasing nature-based solutions that heal the land, waters, and people while benefiting the economy. The goal is to restore the river as a living relative, ensuring its health for generations. The Klamath’s renewal is not just history—it’s a path forward for all.

To learn more about Amy Bowers Codalis' work, visit https://www.ridgestoriffles.org/

Examined Life pulls philosophy out of academic journals and classrooms, and puts it back on the streets. In Examined Life, filmmaker Astra Taylor accompanies some of today's most influential

Examined Life pulls philosophy out of academic journals and classrooms, and puts it back on the streets. In Examined Life, filmmaker Astra Taylor accompanies some of today's most influential thinkers on a series of unique excursions through places and spaces that hold particular resonance for them and their ideas. Peter Singer, Judith Butler, Cornel West, Kwame Appiah and in this segment, Avital Ronel, literary critic, philosopher and feminist.

Must see.

Carol Craig (Yakama) introduces the

Carol Craig (Yakama) introduces the homelands of the Yakama Nation and describes the historic and present day relationship between her people and the food sources available within this region.
This clip is part of a series exploring the meaning of sustainability from the perspectives of indigenous leaders from the bioregion of Salmon Nation. For a complete transcript of this interview and more from the Native Perspectives on Sustainability project, visit Native Perspective Website.